Direct combustion of solid biomass fuel is one of the most common energy sources in\ndeveloping countries. Evaluation of technology for household biomass pellet fuel combustion is\ncritical, since promoting poorly designed devices may have risks due to exposure to high levels of\nemissions. This study evaluated the effects of various testing conditions on a top-lit forced-up-draft\nsemi-gasifier cooking stove. An orthogonal test was designed with different fuel masses, chamber\nheights, air supply rates, and ending points. The investigation showed that using forced secondary\nair and more fuel tended to improve both thermal and gas emissions performance. The ending\npoints did not have significant effects on thermal efficiency or the carbon dioxide emission factor,\nbut did affect particulate matter emission. A relatively lower chamber height demonstrated better\nperformance on thermal metrics. However, a taller flame had better performance on particulate matter\nemission factors. The results of the indicators reported by different bases, such as fuel mass-based or\nuseful energy-based were also quite different. The study showed that different testing conditions\nhad significant effects on combustion performances. Testing sequences and emission factors should\nbe reviewed and defined clearly when forming testing methods and standards for biomass pellet\nfuel combustion.
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